Current Issue: Volume 41, Issue 1
​​2023-2024 Masthead

THE MAJOR QUESTIONS WRECKING BALL by Thomas O. McGarity

A TALE OF TWO DELEGATIONS: SOME REFLECTIONS ON PENNEAST, Essay, by Alison Gocke

WOOD PELLETS, CARBON CREDITS, AND WHEN ONE PROBLEM SOLVES ANOTHER, Note, by Elizabeth Putfark

​Past Issues:

​Complete articles from the last three volumes of the Journal are available in electronic format and abstracts of all past articles are available below.

If you would like to request a reprint of a past article, please visit the Virginia Environmental Law Journal order site.
​

Volume 40
​​ ​​2021-2022 Masthead | ​​2022-2023 Masthead

THE INJUSTICE OF 1.5°C–2°C: THE NEED FOR A SCIENTIFICALLY BASED STANDARD OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS PROTECTION IN CONSTITUTIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE CASES by Andrea Rodgers, Lauren E. Sancken, and Jennifer Marlow

THE HIGH ENVIRONMENTAL COST OF DYING AND WHAT IF ANYTHING CAN BE DONE ABOUT IT by Hope M. Babcock
​
MONUMENTAL CHANGE? RETHINKING THE ROLE OF THE COURTS IN THE ANTIQUITIES ACT by Catarina Conran

​WALKER LAKE AND THE PUBLIC TRUST IN NEVADA'S WATERS 
by Michael C. Blumm and Michael Benjamin Smith | 40 Va. Env't L..J. 1 (2022)

A HOLE IN THE BOTTOM OF THE SEA: DOES THE UNCLOS PART XI REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR DEEP SEABED MINING PROVIDE ADEQUATE PROTECTION AGAINST STRIP-MINING THE OCEAN FLOOR? by Aaron Schwabach | 40 Va. Env't L.J. 39 (2022)

REINVIGORATING THE VIRGINIA CONSTITUTION'S ENVIRONMENTAL PROVISION
by Tyler Demetriou | 40 Va. Env't L.J. 66 (2022)

Volume 39
​​2020-2021 Masthead | ​​2021-2022 Masthead

NULL CLIMATE FEDERALISM: STATE FRUSTRATION OF FEDERAL RENEWABLE ENERGY ENTITLEMENTS
By Steven Ferrey | 39 Va. Env't L..J. 1 (2021)

ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE AT THE EDGE OF DEMOCRACY
By Joshua Ulan Galperin | 39 Va. Env't L..J. 70 (2021)

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE USE OF GENE DRIVES IN WILDLIFE
By Robert Denney | 39 Va. Env't L..J. 120 (2021)

​CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND THE LAW
By Benoit Mayer | 39 Va. Env't L..J. 141 (2021)

JUST TRANSITIONS FOR OIL AND GAS COMMUNITIES
By Craig Holt Segall | 39 Va. Env't L..J. 177 (2021)

ENSURING JUST COMPENSATION: ENDING LOWBALL OFFERS IN EMINENT DOMAIN
By Timothy Hansen | 39 Va. Env't L..J. 233 (2021)

Volume 38
​​2019–2020 Masthead  |  2020-2021 Masthead

The Gap-Filling Role of Private Environmental Governance
By Michael P. Vandenbergh, Jim Rossi, and Ian Faucher
​38 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2020)

Geo-Markets
By Frédéric Gilles Sourgens
​​38 Va. Envtl. L.J. 58 (2020)

A Short History of the Public Trust Doctrine and Its Intersection with Private Water Law
By Erin Ryan
​38 Va. Envtl. L.J. 135 (2020)

The Current Role of the Environment in Reinforcing Acts of Domestic Terrorism: How Fear of a Climate Change Apocalypse May Strengthen Right-Wing Hate Groups
By Hope Babcock
38 Va. Envtl. L.J. 207 (2020)

The Un-Zoned City and Unplanned Disaster: A Case Study of Hurricane Harvey's Impact on Houston, Texas
By Bonnie Fraase
38 Va. Envtl. L.J. 232 (2020)

Volume 37
​​2018–2019 Masthead  |  2019-2020 Masthead


 States And Cities Respond To Trump: The Paris Agreement on Climate Change and the Role of Subnational Actors
By ​Sharmila L. Murthy
37 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2019)

Droughts, Floods, and Scarcity on a Climate Disrupted Planet: Understanding the Legal Challenges and Opportunities for Groundwater Sustainability
By Melissa Scanlan
37 Va. Envtl. L.J. 52 (2019)

Defining Sustainable Business—Beyond Greenwashing
By Becky L. Jacobs & Brad Finney
37 Va. Envtl. L.J. 90 (2019)

Climate Change Litigation: A Promising Pathway to Climate Justice in China?
By Jiangfeng Li
37 Va. Envtl. L.J. 133 (2019)
The Genie is out of the De-Extinction Bottle: A Problem in Risk Regulation and Regulatory Gaps
By Hope M. Babcock 
37 Va. Envtl. L.J. 133 (2019)

Extraordinary Policymaking Powers of the Executive Branch: A New Approach
By Shany Winder
37 Va. Envtl. L.J. 208 (2019)
​
Saving the Horseshoe Crab: The Case for the Oft-Forgotten, Critically Important Living Fossil
By Sami B. Ghubril
37 Va. Envtl. L.J. 273 (2019)

Volume 36
​2017–2018 Masthead



Structured Settlement Sales and Lead-Poisoned Sellers: Just Say No
By Karen Syma Czapanskiy
36 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2018)

Responsive Regulation and Resiliency: The Renewable Fuel Standard and Advanced Biofuels
By Nadia B. Ahmad
36 Va. Envtl. L.J. 40 (2018)

Pre-Enforcement Review: An Evaluation From the Perspective of Ripeness
Note, by Daniel Boger
36 Va. Envtl. L.J. 77 (2018)​

Dieselgate: How the Investigation, Prosecution, and Settlement of Volkswagen's Emissions Cheating Scandal Illustrates the Need for Robust Environmental Enforcement 
By John C. Cruden, Bethany Engel, Nigel Cooney & Josh Van Eaton
36 Va. Envtl. L.J. 118 (2018)​

​For a Lump of Coal & A Drop of Oil: An Environmentalist's Critique of the Trump Administration's First Year Energy Policies
By Carol J. Miller
36 Va. Envtl. L.J. 185 (2018)​

Asteroid Mining: Ecological Jurisprudence Beyond Earth
By Elizabeth Loder ​
​36 Va. Envtl. L.J. 275 (2018)

Unraveling the Administrative State: Mechanism Choice, Key Actors, and Regulatory Tools
By Robert L. Glicksman & David L. Markell
36 Va. Envtl. L.J. 318 (2018)

The Influence of Property in the Law of Energy Development: How the United States as a Landowner Can Limit Environmental Degradation on Federal Lands
By Siarra Rogers  ​(Student Note)
36 Va. Envtl. L.J. 386 (2018)

Volume 35
​2016–2017 Masthead

Sustainability & Tax Policy: Fixing A Patchwork of Policies With A Coherent Federal Framework
By Mystica M. Alexander, Adam J. Sulkowski, and William P. Wiggins
35 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2016) 

Drilling for Common Ground: How Public Opinion Tracks Experts in the Debate Over Federal Regulation of Shale Oil & Gas Extraction
By Elizabeth Ann Glass Geltman
35 Va. Envtl. L.J. 59 (2016)

Untapped Renewable Energy Potential: Lessons for Reforming Virginia’s Renewable Energy Portfolio Standard from Texas and California
Note, by Corey N. Allen ​
35 Va. Envtl. L.J. 117 (2016)

A Bird in the Hand: Shotguns, Deadly Oil Pits, Cute Kittens, and the Migratory Bird Treaty Act
By Samuel Panarella
35 Va. Envtl. L.J. 153 (2017)

The Medium is the Message
By Steven Ferrey
35 Va. Envtl. L.J. 213 (2017)

Justice Scalia's Environmental Legacy: A Contextual Analysis
By Peter Manus
35 Va. Envtl. L.J. 265 (2017)

The Revolution in Environmental Criminal Law in Europe
By Michael G. Faure
35 Va. Envtl. L.J. 321 (2017)

​Presidents, Parliaments, and Legal Change: Quantifying the Effect of Political Systems in Comparative Environmental Law
By Eric Biber & Sari Graben
35 Va. Envtl. L.J. 357 (2017)

Furtive Subsidies: Reframing Fossil Fuel's Regulatory Exceptionalism
By Patrice Simms
35 Va. Envtl. L.J. 420 (2017)

Owning Groundwater: The Example of Mississippi v. Tennessee
By Christine Klein
35 Va. Envtl. L.J. 474 (2017)

Towards Ethical Stewardship: Balancing Natural and Historic Cultural Resources in National Parks
Note, by Sevren R. Gourley
35 Va. Envtl. L.J. 522 (2017)

Volume 34
​2015–2016 Masthead

Shifting Public Land Paradigms: Lessons from the Valles Caldera National Preserve
By Melinda Harm Benson
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2016) ​

Biophilic Laws: Planning for Cities with Nature
By James D. Brown
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 52 (2016) ​

Public Interest and Private Land: The Ecological Function of Property in Brazil
By Nicholas S. Bryner
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 122 (2016) ​

Interstate Groundwater Law Revisited: Mississippi v. Tennessee
By Noah D. Hall and Joseph Regalia
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 152 (2016)

Common Law Groundwater Rights Under Virginia Law
By George A. Somerville
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 204 (2016)

Who Owns Alabama's Coosa River? Citizens' Impact on the Tri-State Water Wars Muted by Private Ownership of Riparian Rights
By Frank Chitwood
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 230 (2016)

No Virtue Like Necessity: Dealing with Nonpoint Source Pollution and Environmental Flows in the Face of Climate Change
By William L. Andreen
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 255 (2016)

The Dogmas of the Quiet Past: Potential Climate Change Impacts on Interstate Compact Water Allocation
By Jerome C. Muys, Jr. and George William Sherk
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 297 (2016)

Bankruptcy and Federal Crop Insurance
By Chad G. Marzen
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 328 (2016)

Compliance with EPA's Clean Power Plan Using Solely Renewable Power Generation in the Western United States
By Richard M. McCallister
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 347 (2016)

Reevaluating the Role of Acquisition-Based Strategies in the Greater Historic Preservation Movement
By Jess R. Phelps
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 399 (2016)

Koontz v. St. Johns River Water Management District Was Not a Big Deal
Note, by Antonio M. Elias
34 Va. Envtl. L.J. 457 (2016)
​

​Volume 33
​2014–2015 Masthead

​​It’s a Nuisance: The Future of Fracking Litigation in the Wake of Parr v. Aruba Petroleum, Inc.
By Hilary M. Goldberg, Melanie Stallings Williams, Deborah Cours
33 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2015) ​

Towards a Critical Poiesis: Climate Justice and Displacement
By Pearl Kan
33 Va. Envtl. L.J. 23 (2015) 
​
"A Tinge of Melancholy Lay Upon the Countryside": Agricultural Historic Resources within Contemporary Agricultural and Historic Preservation Law
By Jess R. Phelps
33 Va. Envtl. L.J. 56 (2015) ​

The Integration of Environmental Law into International Investment Treaties and Trade Agreements: Negotiation Process and the Legalization of Commitments
By Madison Condon
33 Va. Envtl. L.J. 102 (2015) ​

Zoonotic Diseases: Using Environmental Law to Reduce the Odds of a Future Epidemic
By Rebecca Lipman
33 Va. Envtl. L.J. 153 (2015) ​

Aligning Imperiled Species Conservation and Pesticide Registrations
By Avi Garbow, Paul Souza
33 Va. Envtl. L.J. 172 (2015) 

Can’t We Just All Get Along: Reconciling Pesticides Use and Species Protection
By Jacki Lopez 
33 Va. Envtl. L.J. 184 (2015)

The Cost of Contentiousness: A Status Report on Offshore Wind in the Eastern United States
By Lawrence Susskind, Ryan Cook
33 Va. Envtl. L.J. 204 (2015)
​
Revitalizing the Brownfields Revitalization and Environmental Restoration Act: Harmonizing the Liability Defense Language to Achieve Brownfield Restoration
By William R. Weissman,  J. Michael Sowinski, Jr.
33 Va. Envt. L.J. 257 (2015)

A Multilayered Approach to Cover Damage Caused by Offshore Facilities
By Michael Faure, Liu Jing, Wang Hui
33 Va. Envtl. L.J. 356 (2015)

Volume 32
2013–2014 Masthead
​

Accounting for Political Feasibility in Climate Instrument Choice
By Jonathan Gilligan and Michael Vandenbergh
32 Va.  Envtl. L.J. 1 (2014)

Joint and Several Liability After Burlington Northern: Alive and Well
By Derek Wetmore
32 Va.  Envtl. L.J. 27 (2014)

Bug Catching for the State: Gathering Baseline Ecological Information Under WAVE
By Charles Gottlieb, Keith Hirokawa, and Kristin Keehan
32 Va. Envtl. L.J. 61 (2014)

Power Plant Regulation Under The Clean Air Act: A Breakthrough Moment for US Climate Policy?
By Robert M. Sussman
32 Va. Envtl. L.J. 97 (2014) 

Presidential Power to Address Climate Change in an Era of Legislative Gridlock
By Robert V. Percival
32 Va. Envtl. L.J. 134 (2014)

Focus and Fund: Executing Our Way to a Federal Climate Change Adaptation Plan
By Victor B. Flatt
32 Va. Envtl. L.J. 157 (2014)

Controlling Power Plants: The Co-Pollutant Implications of EPA's Clean Air Act § 111(d) Options for Greenhouse Gases
By Alice Kaswan
32 Va. Envtl. L.J. 173 (2014)

Dismissal of the Certiorari Petition in Pacific Rivers Council: A Bullet Dodged in the Supreme Court’s War Against Public Challenges to Flawed Federal Land Use Planning
By Hope M. Babcock
32 Va. Envtl. L.J. 226 (2014)

WTO Recourse for Reclamation Irrigation Subsidies: Undermarket Water Prices as Forgone Revenue
By Paul Stanton Kibel
32 Va. Envtl. L.J. 259 (2014)

​Volume 31
​2012–2013 Masthead
​

Winters and Water Conservation: A Proposal to Halt "Water Laundering" in Tribal Negotiated Settlements in Favor of Monetary Compensation 
By Jesse Harlan Alderman
31 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2013)

Standing and Environmental Harm: The Double Paradox
By Jan G. Laitos 
31 Va. Envtl. L.J. 55 (2013)

Elephant Poaching: Cities Failure to Combat the Growth in Chinese Demand for Ivory 
By Joseph Vandegrift 
31 Va. Envtl. L.J. 102 (2013)

Reasonable Accommodation: Split Estates, Conservation Easements, and Drilling in the Marcellus Shale 
By Paige Anderson
31 Va. Envtl. L.J. 136 (2013)

The Supreme Court and the PPL Montana Case: Examining the Relationship Between Navigability and State  Ownership of Submerged Lands
By Richard C. Ausness
31 Va. Envtl. L.J. 169 (2013)

Planning For Fracking on the Barnett Shale: Urban Air Pollution, Improving Health Based Regulation, and the Role of Local Governments
By Rachael Rawlins
31 Va.  Envtl. L.J. 227 (2013)

Minimizing Global Catastrophic and Existential Risks from Emerging Technologies Through International Law
By  Grant Wilson 
 31 Va.  Envtl. L.J. 308 (2013)

​Volume 30 (2012)
​

Curtailing Ecosystem Exportation: Ecosystem Services as a Basis to Reconsider Export-Driven Agriculture in Economies Highly Dependent on Agricultural Exports
By James Gathii and Keith H. Hirasawa
30 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2012)

The Fate of Treated Wood Infrastructure
By Brian S. Tomasovic
30 Va. Envtl. L.J. 28 (2012)

​Volume 29 (2011)


​
Upside-Down Cooperative Federalism: Climate Change Policymaking and the States
By Vivian E. Thomson and Vicki Arroyo 
29 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2011) 

Expanding Waistlines and Expanding Cities: Urban Sprawl and its Impact on Obesity, How the Adoption of Smart Growth Statutes Can Build Healthier and More Active Communities 
By Vanessa Russell-Evans and Carl S. Hacker 
29 Va. Envtl. L.J. 63 (2011) 

Solving Widespread Toxic Chemical Exposure: A Taxing Job 
By Elizabeth B. Forsyth 
29 Va. Envtl. L.J. 115 (2011) 

More Questions than Answers: Situating Judicial Takings within Existing Regulatory Takings Doctrine 
By Michael B. Kent, Jr.
29 Va. Envtl. L.J. 143 (2011) 

Myths of Coal's Clean Future: The Story of Methylmercury 
By Jonathan Skinner
29 Va. Envtl. L.J. 171 (2011) 

Climate Contracts 
By Eric W. Orts 
29 Va. Envtl. L.J. 197 (2011) 

Regulatory Overlap, Overlapping Legal Fields, and Statutory Discontinuities 
By Todd S. Aagaard 
29 Va. Envtl. L.J. 237 (2011) 

The Property Problem: A Survey of Federal Options for Facilitating Acquisition of Carbon Sequestration Repositories 
By Thomas Brugato 
29 Va. Envtl. L.J. 305 (2011) 

​Volume 28 (2010) 
​


Eminent Domain Wolves in Sheep's Clothing: Private Benefit Masquerading as Classic Public Use 
By Carol L. Zeiner
28 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2010) 

How the European Union's Weee & Rohs Directives Can Help the United States Develop a Successful National E-Waste Strategy 
By Aaron Ezroj 
28 Va. Envtl. L.J. 45 (2010) 

Clearing the Air: The Meta-Standard Approach to Ensuring Biofuels Environmental and Social Sustainability 
By Jody M. Endres
28 Va. Envtl. L.J. 73 (2010) 

Toward Better and More Uniform Building Efficiency Codes 
By Thomas Hutton 
28 Va. Envtl. L.J. 121 (2010) 

The Legal Challenge of Protecting Animal Migration as Phenomena of Abundance 
By Robert L. Fischman and Jeffrey B. Hyman 
28 Va. Envtl. L.J. 173 (2010) 

Aguinda v. Chevron Texaco: Discretionary Grounds for the non-recognition of Foreign Judgements for Environmental Injury in the United States 
By Lucien J. Dhooge 
28 Va. Envtl. L.J. 241 (2010) 

A Climate of Change: Shifting Environmental Concerns and Property Law Norms Through the Lens of LEED Building Standards 
By Sarah Fox 
28 Va. Envtl. L.J. 299 (2010) 

Decentralizing Cap-and-Trade? State Controls Within a Federal Greenhouse Gas Cap-and-Trade Program 
By Alice Kaswan
28 Va. Envtl. L.J. 343 (2010) 

(Un)Restoring the Chemical, Physical, and Biological Integrity of our Nation's Waters: The Emerging Clean Water Act Jurisprudence of the Roberts Court 
By Mark A. Latham
28 Va. Envtl. L.J. 411 (2010) 

Will Uranium Get a Glowing Welcome in Virginia? 
By Katherine E. Slaughter 
28 Va. Envtl. L.J. 483 (2010) 

Volume 27 (2009) 
​


Contested Definitions of Endangered Species: The Controversy Regarding How to Interpret the Phrase "A Significant Portion of a Species' Range" 
By Sherry A. Enzler and Jeremy T. Bruskotter
27 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2009) 

Ballast Water Law: Invasive Species and Twenty-Five Years of Ineffective Legislation 
By Christopher J. Patrick 
27 Va. Envtl. L.J. 67 (2009) 

The Clean Development Mechanism in China: Assessing the Tension Between Development and Curbing Antrhopogrenic Climate Change 
By John Sautter 
27 Va. Envtl. L.J. 91 (2009) 

Defining Green Building: Emerging Standards at the Intersection of Sustainable Development and the Law 
By Paul C. Levin 
27 Va. Envtl. L.J. 119 (2009) 

Building Greener Communities: Smarter Growth and Green Building 
By Trip Pollard 
27 Va. Envtl. L.J. 125 (2009) 

Cities, Green Construction, and the Endangered Species Act 
By J.B. Ruhl 
27 Va. Envtl. L.J. 147 (2009) 

How the Kaine Administration is Moving Toward a More Sustainable Virginia: Energy Efficiency and Planning, Climate Change Strategies, and Strategic Investment 
By L. Preston Bryant, Jr. 
27 Va. Envtl. L.J. 165 (2009) 

Public Opinion and Climate Change: Analysis of the Virginia Climate Survey  
By Barry Rabe and Christopher Borick 
27 Va. Envtl. L.J. 177 (2009) 

The Law and Economics of Environmental Federalism: Europe and the United States Compared 
By Michael G. Faure and Jason Scott Johnston 
27 Va. Envtl. L.J. 205 (2009) 

MPOs and the Integration of Transportation and Land Use Planning 
By Adam Lovelady
27 Va. Envtl. L.J. 275 (2009) 

Volume 26 (2008) 
​


Introduction: Global Climate Change: Individual, Private-Sector, and State Responses 
By Daniel Shean, Editor-in-Chief
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2008) 

Nothing is Real: Protecting the Regulatory Void Through Federal Preemption by Inaction 
By Robert L. Glicksman 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 5 (2008) 

Climate Change: The Equity Problem 
By Michael P. Vandenbergh and Brooke A. Ackerly 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 55 (2008) 

Self Control, Individual Choice, and Climate Change 
By Andrew Green
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 77 (2008) 

Harnessing Individual Behavior to Address Cliamte Change: Options for Congress 
By John C. Dernbach
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 107 (2008) 

Environmental Values and Behaviors: Strategies to Encourage Public Support for Initiatives to Combat Global Warming 
By Deborah L. Rhode and Lee D. Ross 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 161 (2008) 

U.S. Sub-Federal Climate Change Initiatives: An Irrational Means to a Rational End? 
By Kevin L. Doran 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 189 (2008) 

Developing a Comprehensive Approach to Climate Change Policy in the United States that Fully Integrates Levels of Government and Economic Sectors 
By Thomas D. Peterson, Robert B. McKinstry, Jr. , and John C. Dernbach
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 227 (2008) 

Imagining the Unimaginable: Reducing U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Forty Percent 
By David Hodas 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 271 (2008) 

Climate Change, Fiduciary Duty, and Corporate Disclosure: Are Things Heating Up in the Boardroom?  
By Perry E. Wallace
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 293 (2008) 

Regulating Greenhouse Gases by Mandatory Information Disclosure 
By Andrew Schatz 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 335 (2008) 

Introduction: Condemning Open Space 
By Daniel Shean, Editor-in-Chief 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 395 (2008) 

Condemning Open Space: Making Way for National Interest Electric Transmission Corridors (or Not)  
By Nancy A. McLaughlin
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 399 (2008) 

An Update on Virginia Law Applicable to the Possible Destruction of "Perpetual" Easements on Historic Properties and Open Space by Condemnation: It all Depends Upon Who is the Grantee 
By George C. Freeman, Jr.
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 429 (2008) 

Condemning Protected Open Space Land: Perspective of the Virginia Outdoors Foundation 
By Frederick S. Fisher 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 437 (2008) 

A Regulatory Framework for Investments in Electricity Transmission Infrastructure  
By Mark A. de Figueiredo
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 445 (2008) 

Two Sides of the Same Coin: Judicial Review of Administrative Agency Action and Inaction 
By Eric Biber 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 461 (2008) 

Diversifying America's Energy Future: The Future of Renewable Wind Power 
By Ronald H. Rosenberg 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 505 (2008) 

Editor's Note  
By Daniel Shean, Editor-in-Chief
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 545 (2008) 

Creating  an Emissions Trading System for Greenhouse Gases: Recommendations to the California Air Resources Board 
By Justin Kirk 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 547 (2008) 

Getting More from the Giving Tree: Regulating the Use of Biotechnology in Forest Management 
By Marcus F. Selig 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 577 (2008) 

Piercing the Regulatory Veil: The Need to Expand Federal Clean Water Act NPDES Permit Coverage to Include Municpal "Satellite" Sewer Collection Systems 
By Timothy Riley
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 615 (2008) 

Efficiency and Equity in the Distribution of Renewable Resources: Water Allocation in the Jordan River Watershed 
By Ahmad Slaibi and Ian J. Silverbrand 
26 Va. Envtl. L.J. 655 (2008) 

Volume 25 (2007) 
​


Introduction 
25 Va. Envtl. L.J. v (2007) 

Preface 
By Richard A. Merrill 
25 Va. Envtl. L.J. vii (2007) 

Environmental Law in the Twenty-First Century 
By Robert V. Percival
25 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2007) 

Eight Lessons in Search of the Future: Observations on the Occasion of the Silver Anniversary of the Virginia Environmental Law Journal 
By Karin P. Sheldon 
25 Va. Envtl. L.J. 37 (2007) 

Restoring the Environment and Restoring Democracy: Lessons from the Colorado River 
By Robert W. Adler 
25 Va. Envtl. L.J. 55 (2007) 

National Security and Environmental Laws: A Clear and Present Danger 
By Hope Babcock 
25 Va. Envtl. L.J. 105 (2007)

The Limits of Collaborative Governance: Homeland Security and Environmental Protection at U.S. Ports 
By Kerry E. Rodgers 
25 Va. Envtl. L.J. 157 (2007) 

Nature's Trust: Reclaiming an Environmental Discourse 
By Mary Christina Wood
25 Va. Envtl. L.J. 243 (2007) 

Words and Worlds: The Supreme Court in Rapanos and Carabell 
By Jonathan Z. Cannon
25 Va. Envtl. L.J. 277 (2007) 

Reviving Environmental Protection: Preference-Directed Regulation and Regulatory Ossification 
By Michael A. Livermore 
25 Va. Envtl. L.J. 311 (2007) 

Volume 24 (2006) 
​


Shifting Science, Considered Costs, and Static Statutes: The Interpretation of Expansive Environmental Legislation 
By Jason J. Czarnezki 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 395 (2006) 

Pollution and Health Care Costs: States Can and Should Seek Medicaid Reimbursement from Big Polluters 
By Jessica E. Yates 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 423 (2006) 

Volume 24 (2005) 
​


Saving the Whales in the New Millennium: International Institutions, Recent Developments and the Future of International Whaling Policies 
By Cinnamon Pinon Carlarne 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2005) 

When Fish Climb Ladders: NOAA Fisheries' Unconscionable New Interpretation of the Endangered Species Act and the Dangers it Portends for Snake River Salmon 
By Joanna M. Hooper 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 49 (2005) 

A Scrivener's Error or Greater Protection of the Public: Does the EPA Have the Authority to Delist "Low-Risk" Sources of Carcinogens from Section 112's Maximum Achievable Control Technology Requirements 
By Bradford C. Mank 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 75 (2005) 

The Supreme Court's Water Pollution Jurisprudence: Is the Court All Wet? 
By Jeffrey G. Miller 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 125 (2005) 

The Applicability of Nuisance Law to Invasive Plants: Can Common Law Liability Inspire Government Action? 
By Justin Pidot 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 183 (2005) 

Human Nature, the Laws of Nature, and the Nature of Environmental Law 
By Richard J. Lazarus
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 231 (2005) 

Ends and Means in Environmental Law, or the Unlikely Marriage of Law and Letters 
By Eric T. Freyfogle 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 263 (2005) 

Reinvigorating the Union of Wonder and Power 
By Holly Doremus 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 281 (2005) 

Response to Richard Lazarus & Eric Freyfogle 
By Peter Brooks 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 293 (2005) 

Speaking of Alaska 
By Stephen Cushman 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 299 (2005) 

Evolutionary Biology's Challenge to the Pastoral Imagination 
By Louise Westling 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 335 (2005) 

Response to Stephen Cushman and Louise Westling 
By Lawrence Buell 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 347 (2005) 

The Rebirth of Environmentalism as Pragmatic, Adaptive Management 
By Bryan G. Norton 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 353 (2005) 

Nicking the Thin Edge of the Wedge: What History Suggests About the Environmental Law of War 
By Edmund Russell 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 377 (2005) 

Response to Edmund Russell and Arthur McEvoy 
By Karl Brooks 
24 Va. Envtl. L.J. 389 (2005) 

Creating Incentives for Sustainable Buildings: A Comparative Law Approach Featuring the United States and the European Union 
By Nancy J. King and Brian J. King
23 Va. Envtl. L.J. 397 (2005) 

Discharging the Clean Water Act's NPDES Requirements: Why the "Unitary Waters" Theory Does Not Hold Water 
By Matthew Duchesne 
23 Va. Envtl. L.J. 461 (2005) 

Effective Policies for Land Preservation: Zoning and Conservation Easements in Anne Arundel County, Maryland 
By Gwenann Seznec 
23 Va. Envtl. L.J. 479 (2005) 

Volume 23 (2004)
​ 


Multi-Layered, and Sequential, State and Local Barriers to Extractive Resource Development 
By  Jan G. Laitos and Elizabeth H. Getches
23 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2004) 

From Grand Central to the Sierras: What Do We Do With Investment-Backed Expectations in Partial Regulatory Takings? 
By Calvert G. Chipchase
23 Va. Envtl. L.J. 43 (2004) 

Urban Water Supply and the Environment: Extending the Reach of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act 
By Leonard Shabman and William Cox
23 Va. Envtl. L.J. 75 (2004) 

The Application of Finance Theory to Increased Risk Harms in Toxic Tort Litigation 
By Robert J. Rhee
23 Va. Envtl. L.J. 111 (2004) 

Harnessing the Treaty Power in Support of Environmental Regulation of Activities that Don't "Substantially Affect Interstate Commerce": Recognizing the Realities of the New Federalism 
By Katrina L. Fischer 
22 Va. Envtl. L.J. 167 (2004) 

Privately Subsidized Recycling Schemes and Their Potential Harm to the Environment of Developing Countries  Does International Trade Law Have a Solution? 
By Arie Reich 
23 Va. Envtl. L.J. 203 (2004) 

Securing Environmental Rights Through Public Interest Litigation in South Asia 
By Dr. Parvez Hassan and Azim Azfar 
22 Va. Envtl. L.J. 215 (2004) 

The Influence of Mass Toxic Tort Litigation on Class Action Rules Reform 
22 Va. Envtl. L.J. 249 (2004) 

Soft Paths, Hard Choices: Environmental Lessons in the Aftermath of California's Electric Deregulation Debacle 
By Steven Ferrey 
23 Va. Envtl. L.J. 251 (2004) 

A Day on the Fish Farm: FDA and the Regulation of Aquaculture 
By Graham M. Wilson 
23 Va. Envtl. L.J. 351 (2004) 

Volume 22 (2003) 
​


Amending the Clean Air Act to Establish Democratic Legitimacy for the Residual Risk Program 
By Patricia Ross McCubbin 
22 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2003) 

Turning River Water Into Gold: Why Oyster Harvesters Should Not Be Permitted to Cash in on Changes in Salinity Caused by the Caernarvon Water Diversion Project 
By Robert L. Rogers, III 
22 Va. Envtl. L.J. 53 (2003) 

Planning for Biodiversity: Sources of Authority in State Land Use Laws 
By Linda Breggin and Susan George 
22 Va. Envtl. L.J. 81 (2003) 

Salmon, Hatcheries, and the Endangered Species Act: Alsea Valley Alliance v. Evans and its Implications 
By Kristin A. Gaston 
22 Va. Envtl. L.J. 123 (2003) 

Natural Cities: Urban Ecology and the Restoration of Urban Ecosystems 
By Charles P. Lord, Eric Strauss, and Aaron Toffler 
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 317 (2003) 

Dealing with Uncommon Ground: The Place of Legal Constructivism in the Social Construction of Nature 
By Keith H. Hirokawa 
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 387 (2003)

Enforcement "Overfiling" in the Federal Courts: Some Thoughts on the Post-Harmon Cases  
By Joel A. Mintz 
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 425 (2003) 

Recharacterizing the Debate: A Critique of Environmental Democracy and an Alternative Approach to the Urban Sprawl Dilemma 
By Thomas Benton Bare III 
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 455 (2003) 

What to "Take" from Palazzolo and Tahoe-Sierra: A Temporary Loss for Property Rights 
By Thomas J. Koffer
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 503 (2003) 

Birds at a Crossroads: Strategies for Augmenting the MBTA's Sway over Federal Lands 
By Robb Wolfson 
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 535 (2003) 

Volume 21 (2002) 
​


Compliance Under Title V: Yes, No, or I Don't Know? 
By D.R. van der Vaart and John C. Evans, J.D.
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2002) 

An Ounce of Preemption is Worth a Pound of Cure: State Preemption of Local Siting Authority as a Means for Achieving Environmental Equity 
By Tessa Meyer Santiago 
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 71 (2002) 

Land Conservation and Restoration: Moving the the Landscape Level 
By David J. Hayes 
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 115 (2002) 

On the Market for Ecosystem Control 
By Jason Scott Johnston 
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 129 (2002) 

Collaborative Ecosystem Governance: Scale, Complexity, and Dynamism 
By Bradley C. Karkkainen 
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 189 (2002) 

Conservation Options: Toward a Greater Private Role 
By Barton H. Thompson, Jr. 
21 Va. Envtl. L.J. 245 (2002) 

Volume 20 (2001) 
​


Twenty Years of Environmental Law: Role Reversals Between Congress and the Executive, Judicial Activism Undermining the Environment, and the Proliferation of Environmental (and Anti-Environmental) Groups 
By Michael C. Blumm 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 5 (2001) 

The Tragi-Comedy of the Commons: Evolutionary Biology, Economics and Environmental Law 
By E. Donald Elliott 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 17 (2001) 

A Tale of Two Cases 
By Daniel A. Farber 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 33 (2001) 

The Federal Environmental Crimes Program: The Lorax and Economics 101 
By Avi Samuel Garbow 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 47 (2001) 

Globalization, Information Technology, and Environmental Regulation: An Initial Inquiry 
By Dennis D. Hirsch 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 57 (2001) 

The Greening of America and the Graying of United States Environmental Law: Reflections on Environmental Law's First Three Decades in the United States 
By Richard J. Lazarus 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 75 (2001) 

Federal Water Policy: An Idea Whose Time Will (Finally) Come 
By Janet C. Neuman 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 107 (2001) 

Ocean Governance and the Marine Fisheries Crisis: Two Decades of Innovation -- and Frustration 
By Harry N. Scheiber 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 119 (2001) 

Learning to Live with Losing: International Environmental Law in the New Millennium 
By John K. Setear 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 139 (2001) 

The Emerging Merger of Agricultural and Environmental Policy: Building a New Vision for the Future of American Agriculture 
By Michael R. Taylor 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 169 (2001) 

The Social Meaning of Environmental Command and Control 
By Michael P. Vandenbergh 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 191 (2001) 

The Next Frontier: Environmental Law in a Trade-Dominated World 
By J. Carol Williams
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 221 (2001) 

Finding Environmental Justice Amidst Brownfield Redevelopment 
By Paul D. Flynn
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 235 (2001) 

Crop Biotechnology: The Case for Product Stewardship 
By Stanley H. Abramson and J. Thomas Carrato
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 241 (2001) 

Precaution before Profits: An Overview of Issues in genetically Engineered Foods and Crops 
By Sophia Kolehmainen 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 267 (2001) 

Genetic Engineering and International Law: Conflict or Harmony? An Analysis of the Biosafety Protocol, Gatt, and the WTO Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement 
By Brett Grosko 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 295 (2001) 

Tragedy of the Wetlands Commons: What the Virginia Nontidal Wetlands Resources Act Says About the Future of Environmental Regulation 
By Caleb A. Jaffe 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 329 (2001) 

Proving an Environmental Justice Case: Determining an Appropriate Comparison Population 
By Bradford C. Mank 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 365 (2001) 

The Secondary Effects of Environmental Justice Litigation: The Case of West Dallas Coalition for Environmental Justice v. EPA
By Gregg P. Macey and Lawrence E. Susskind 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 431 (2001) 

Moving Beyond "Jeopardy:" Water Quality Standards and the Conservation and Recovery of Endangered Aquatic Species 
By Andrew C. Hanson 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 479 (2001) 

It's Time for Congress to Rearm the Army Corps of Engineers: A Response to the Solid Waste Agency Decision 
By Philip Weinberg 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 531 (2001) 

International Law and Trade Agreements: Building a Sustainable Environment in the Hong Kong SAR 
By Berry F.C. Hsu 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 549 (2001) 

Managing the Maine Lobster Fishery: An Evaluation of Alternatives 
By Elizabeth C. Scott 
20 Va. Envtl. L.J. 573 (2001) 

Volume 19 (2000) 
​


Money for Nothing? The Rise of Wetland Fee Mitigation 
By Royal C. Gardner 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (2000) 

Case Commentary: The D.C. Circuit Gives New Life and New Meaning to the Nondelegation Doctrine in American Trucking Ass'ns v. EPA 
By Patricia Ross McCubbin
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 57 (2000) 

Charting Through Protection for Historic Shipwrecks Found in U.S. Territorial Waters: See Hunt, Inc. v. Unindentified, Shipwrecked Vessel or Vessels 
By Clarissa A. Kang 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 87 (2000) 

Protecting and Preserving Our National Parks: The Everglades National Park Restoration Project 
By Richard J. Ansson, Jr. 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 121 (2000) 

Solving the "Tragedy": Transportation, Pollution and Regionalism in Atlanta 
By Orlyn O. Lockard, III 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 161 (2000) 

The Inter-American System of Human Rights: An Effective Means of Environmental Protection? 
By Inara K. Scott 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 197  (2000) 

A Message from the Editors 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 239 (2000) 

Introductory Remarks 
By Jonathan Z. Cannon 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 241 (2000) 

Smart Growth: The Promise, Politics, and Potential Pitfalls of Emerging Growth Management Strategies 
By Oliver A. Pollard, III 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 247 (2000) 

Smart Growth and Beyond: Transitioning to a Sustainable Society 
By Timothy Beatley and Richard Collins
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 287 (2000) 

Comment on Beatley and Collins' Smart Growth and Beyond: Transitioning to a Sustainable Society 
By Vicki Been 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 323 (2000) 

Economics and the Smart Growth Movement 
By Gerrit J. Knaap 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 329 (2000) 

Dreams and Realities: Coping with Urban Sprawl 
By Hank Savitch 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 333 (2000) 

Growing Smart by Linking Transportation and Urban Development 
By Robert Cervero 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 357 (2000) 

Florida's Growth Management Learning Curve 
By Reid Ewing 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 375 (2000) 

Environmental Citizen Suits: Standing and Mootness After Laidlaw Caplin Pavilion, University of Virginia School of Law, March 28, 2000 
By Laurens Walker 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 393 (2000) 

Environmental Citizen Suits: Standing and Mootness After Laidlaw Caplin Pavilion, University of Virginia School of Law, March 28, 2000 
By Robert Dreher 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 407 (2000) 

Environmental Citizen Suits: Standing and Mootness After Laidlaw Caplin Pavilion, University of Virginia School of Law, March 28, 2000 
By Carolyn Pravlik 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 417 (2000) 

Environmental Citizen Suits: Standing and Mootness After Laidlaw Caplin Pavilion, University of Virginia School of Law, March 28, 2000 
By Stuart H. Newberger 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 423 (2000) 

From Schweizerhalle to Baia Mare: The Continuing Failure of International Law to Protect Europe's Rivers 
By Aaron Schwabach 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 431 (2000) 

Finding Environmental Justice Amidst Brownfield Redevelopment 
By Paul D. Flynn 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 463 (2000) 

Designation Without Conservation: The Conflict Between the Endangered Species Act and its Implementing Regulations 
By E. Perry Hicks 
19 Va. Envtl. L.J. 491 (2000) 

Volume 18 (1999) 
​


Tanks for Nothing: Oil Company Liability for Discharges of Gasoline from Underground Storage Tanks Divested to Station Owners 
By Mark D. Oshinskie
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (1999) 

Missing Milestones: A Critical Look at the Clean Air Act's VOC Emissions Reduction Program in Nonattainment Areas 
By Thomas O. McGarity 
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 41 (1999) 

"Extra" Tax Benefits for Conservation Easements: A Response to Urban Sprawl 
By Karen M. White
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 103 (1999) 

The Need for a Rational State and Local Response to Carbone: Alternate Means to Responsible, Affordable Municipal Solid Waste Management 
By Jennifer M. Anglim
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 129 (1999) 

Closing the Book on CERCLA Section 107 "Joint and Several" Claims by Liable Private Parties 
By Karl Tilleman and Shane Swindle 
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 159 (1999) 

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's New Environmental Civil Rights Policy 
By Michael D. Mattheisen 
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 183 (1999) 

Prospects for Environmental Liability in the International Criminal Court 
By Peter Sharp
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 217 (1999) 

The Complexity and Lack of Incentives in the Release Reporting Requirements of CERCLA Section 103 
By Valerie Wagner Long
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 245 (1999) 

Does Sharing Know its Limits? Thoughts on Implementing International Environmental Agreements: A Review of National Environmental Policies, A Comparative Study of Capacity-Building 
By Mark A. Drumbl 
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 281 (1999)

Negotiating the Smog Away 
By Taly L. Jolish
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 305 (1999) 

Exploring Regulatory Options for Controlling the Introduction of Non-Indigenous Species to the United States 
By Eric Biber 
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 375 (1999)  

Preemption of Local Efforts to Protect the Environment: Implications for Local Government Officials 
By Paul S. Weiland
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 467 (1999) 

Did the Eleventh Circuit Crack "Frac"? -- Hydraulic Fracturing After the Court's Landmark Leaf Decision 
By Markus G. Puder
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 507 (1999) 

Transcending Common Law Principles of Limited Liability of Parent Corporations for the Environment 
By Aron M. Bookman 
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 555 (1999) 

The Future of the Montreal Protocol: Money and Methyl Bromide 
By Lee Anne Duval 
18 Va. Envtl. L.J. 609 (1999) 

Volume 17 (1998) 
​

Detail and Implementation: The Example of Employee Trip Reduction 
By Craig N. Oren 
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 123 (1998) 

Setting an Anti-Cancer Policy: Risk, Politics, and the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 
By Dominic P. Madigan
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 187 (1998) 

The Open Fields Doctrine: New Limitations on Environmental Surveillance 
By Laura M. Tillitt
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 245 (1998) 
Environmental Planning: Lessons From New South Wales, Australia in the Integration of Land-Use Planning and Environmental Protection 
By John L. Horwich 
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 267 (1998) 

No Surprises after Winstar: Contractual Certainty and Habitat Conservation Planning Under the Endangered Species Act 
By Amy C. Derry 
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 357 (1998) 

Taking Action -- Rejecting the Passive Disposal Theory of Prior Owner Liability Under CERCLA 
By Craig May
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 385 (1998) 

A Sense of Time and Place: The Past, Present, and Future of the Seattle Landmarks Preservation Ordinance 
By Julie L. Wilchins 
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 415 (1998) 

Interpreting Regulations in Environmental Enforcement Cases: Where Agency Deference and Fair Notice Collide 
By Kenneth K. Kilbert  and Christian J. Helbling
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 449 (1998) | [PDF]

The Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument: A Case Study in Western Land Management 
By Janice Fried 
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 477 (1998) 

Opportunity Lost: Virginia v. EPA and the Authority of the Northeast Ozone Transport Commission 
By Matthew J. MacLean 
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 531 (1998) 

Silver Lining or Double-Edged Sword? Equipopulation Exceptions and Environmental Protection 
By Michael Grynberg
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 553 (1998) 

The New Environmental Federalism: Can the EPA's Voluntary Audit Policy Survive? 
By Brooks M. Beard
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (1997) 

The Intersection of Trade and the Environment: An Examination of the Impact of the TBT Agreement on Ecolabeling Programs 
By Erik P. Bartenhagen 
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 51 (1997) 

TMDL Litigation: So Now What? 
By Dianne K. Conway
17 Va. Envtl. L.J. 83 (1997)

Volume 16 (1997) 
​


Confiscation of Emission Reduction Credits: The Case for Compensation Under the Takings Clause 
By Justin Savage 
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 227 (1997) 

Defending the Frontier (Again): Rural Communities, Leap-Frog Development, and Reverse Exclusionary Zoning 
By Patrick J. Skelley II 
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 273 (1997) 

Florida's Takings Law: A Bark Worse than its Bite 
By David Spohr 
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 313 (1997) 

Whose Water is it? Private Rights and Public Authority Over Reclamation Project Water 
By Reed D. Benson
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 363 (1997)  

Revisiting Cafe: Market Incentives to Greater Automobile Efficiency 
By J. Yost Conner, Jr.
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 429 (1997) 

An Analysis of Nontidal Wetland Regulation in Maryland 
By Stephen R. Rubin 
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 459 (1997) 

The Sun Sets on Federal Common Law: Corporate Successor Liability Under CERCLA After O'Melveny & Meyers 
By Gregory C. Sisk and Jerry L. Anderson 
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 505 (1997) 

The False Claims Act and Environmental Law Enforcement 
By Ann M. Lininger 
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 577 (1997) 

The Boundary Dilemma at Shenandoah National Park 
By Diane M. Dale 
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 607 (1997) 

Enforcing the Elusive: Environmental Rights in East European Constitutions 
By Ryan K. Gravelle
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 633 (1997) 


Volume 16, Fall (1996) 
​


Judicial Boundary Drawing and the Need for Context-Sensitive Science in Toxic Torts after Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceutical Inc. 
By Carl F. Cranor, John G. Fischer, and David A. Eastmond 
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (1996) 

Public Lands Reform: A Reluctant Leap into the Abyss
By Michael I. Jeffery, Q.C. 
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 79 (1996) 

Failing to See the Forest for the Trees: Standing to Challenge National Forest Management Plans 
By Paul A. Garrahan 
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 145 (1996) 

Reforming Judicial Interpretation of the Diligent Prosecution Bar: Ensuring an Effective Citizen Role in Achieving the Goals of the Clearn Water Act 
By Heather L. Maples 
16 Va. Envtl. L.J. 195 (1996) 

Volume 15, Winter (1996) 


The Newest Frontier in Motor Vehicle Emission Control: The Clean Fuel Vehicle 
By Ashley Morris Bale
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 213 (1996) 

The Effectiveness and Fairness of Superfund's Judicial Review Preclusion Provision 
By Michael P. Healy 
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 271 (1996) 

The Case for Interstate Land Exchanges 
By Ian Rosenthal 
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 357 (1996) 

Veggie Libel Meets Free Speech: A Constitutional Analysis of Agricultural Disparagement Laws 
By Megan W. Semple 
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 403 (1996) 

Volume 15, Spring (1996) 


Putting Packaging Waste in its Place: The Case for Federal Legislation 
By Jonathan Schneeweiss
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 443 (1996) 

WTO and NAFO Coalescence: A Pareto Improvement for Both Free Trade and Fish Conservation 
By Taunya L. McLarty 
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 469 (1996) 

The Allocation of Coverage Responsibility Among Multiple Triggered Commercial General Liability Policies in Environmental Cases: Life After Owens-Illinois 
By Garrett G. Gillespie
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 525 (1996) 

Volume 15, Summer (1996)

The Discovery Rule and the Continuing Violation Doctrine as Exceptions to the Statute of Limitations for Civil Environmental Penalty Claims 
By James R. MacAyeal 
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 589 (1996) 

Illinois Central and the Public Trust Doctrine in State Law 
By Eric Pearson
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 713 (1996) 

Dolphin-Safe Tuna Labeling: Are the Dolphins Finally Safe? 
By Jennifer Ramach
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 743 (1996) 

Volume 15, Fall (1995) 


Sovereign Immunity and Citizen Enforcement of Federal Environmental Laws: A Proposal for a New Synthesis 
By Randall S. Abate and Carolyn H. Cogswell
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (1995) 

Addressing Morality in Urban Brownfield Redevelopment: Using Stakeholder Theory to Craft Legal Process 
By Georgette C. Poindexter 
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 37 (1995) 

Community Right-to-Know in the Newly Independent States of the Former Soviet Union: Ending the Culture of Secrecy Surrounding the Environmental Crisis 
By Katherine M. Harman-Stokes
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 77 (1995) 

After United States v. Lopez: Can the Clean Water Act and the Endangered Species Act Survive Commerce Clause Attack? 
By J. Blanding Holman, IV
15 Va. Envtl. L.J. 139 (1995) 

Volume 14, Winter (1995) 


How Green was my Balance Sheet?: Corporate Liability and Environmental Disclosure 
By John W. Bagby, Paula C. Murray, and Eric T. Andrews
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 225 (1995)

The Constitutional Mythology of Western Water Law 
By Christine A. Klein
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 343 (1995)

Protecting Tomorrow's Harvest: Developing a National System of Individual Transferable Quotas to Conserve Ocean Resources 
By Carrie A. Tipton
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 381 (1995) 

Volume 14, Spring (1995) 


Refining the Precautionary Principle in International Environmental Law 
By James E. Hickey, Jr. and Venn R. Walker 
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 423 (1995) 

The Oil Pollution Act of 1990: The Financial Responsibility Requirement -- Questioning Congressional Intent and the Minerals Management Service Interpretation of "Offshore Facility" 
By William W. Enders
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 455 (1995) 

The Global Environment Facility's Failure to Promote Sustainable Forestry in Ecuador: The Case of Ecoforest 2000 
By Andrew S. Jones 
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 507 (1995) 

Volume 14, Summer (1995) 


Foreword 
By Reynold Siemens
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 567 (1995)

Developing the Vision of Environmental Justice: A Paradigm for Achieving Healthy and Sustainable Communities 
By Charles Lee
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 571 (1995) 

The Concept of Environmental Justice and a Reconception of Democracy 
By William A. Shutkin 
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 579 (1995) 

Pollution Prevention and Participatory Research as a Methodology for Environmental Justice 
By Bunyan Bryant 
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 589 (1995) 

The Demographics of Dumping Revisited: Examining the Impact of Alternate Methodologies in Environmental Justice Research 
By Paul Mohai 
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 615 (1995) 

The Market's Response to Environmental Inequity: We Have the Solution; What's the Problem? 
By Seth D. Jaffe
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 655 (1995) 

Environmental Justice: Racial Gerrymandering for Environmental Siting Decisions 
By Lawrence J. Straw, Jr.
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 665 (1995) 

Macho Law Brains, Public Citizens, and Grassroots Activists: Three Models of Environmental Advocacy 
By Luke W. Cole 
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 687 (1995) 

New Public Policy Tools in the Grassroots Movement: The Washington Office on Environmental Justice 
By Deeohn Ferris 
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 711 (1995) 

Environmental Justice Law and the Challenges Facing Urban Communities 
By Charles P. Lord
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 721 (1995) 

Environmentalism in the Dudley Street Neighborhood 
By Antonio Alves, Trish Settles, and Jason Webb
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 735 (1995) 

Environmental Justice and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (The Fair Housing Act) 
By Alice L. Brown and Kevin Lyskowski 
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 741 (1995) 

Disparate Impacts: The Problems of Discriminatory Intent and the Need for Community Activism 
By James S. Hoyte 
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 757 (1995) 

Reinvention in the Name of Environmental Justice: A View from State Government 
By Anne L. Kelly
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 769 (1995) 

Volume 14, Fall (1994) 


The Environmental Aspects of NAFTA and their Relevance to Possible Trade Agreements between the United States and Caribbean Nations 
By Joseph G. Block and Andrew R. Herrup
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (1994) 

The Emperor's New Eco-Logos?: A Critical Review of the Scientific Certification Systems Environmental Report Card and the Green Seal Certification Mark Programs 
By Roger D. Wynne
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 51 (1994) 

The Sevin Made Me Do It: Mental Non-Responsibility and the Neurotoxic Damage Defense 
By David B. Mcconnell 
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 151 (1994)

Reforming the Law on Pesticides 
By John Carlucci
14 Va. Envtl. L.J. 189 (1994) 

Volume 13, Winter (1994) 


Hazardous Waste and Bankruptcy: Confronting the Unasked Questions 
By David H. Topol
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 185 (1994)

Sustainable Development: Toward a New Vision 
By James P. Karp 
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 239 (1994) 

Minimum Recycled Content Requirements for Virginia: One Solution to the Solid Waste Crisis 
By Catherine M. Myers 
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 271 (1994) 

Federal Reserved Rights to Instream Flows in the National Forests 
By Diane E. Mcconkey
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 305 (1994) 

Volume 13, Spring (1994) 


A Proposal to Introduce the Right to a Healthy Environment into the European Convention Regime 
By Brennan Van Dyke
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 323 (1994) 

Hazardous Waste Facilities and Environmental Equity: A Proposed Siting Model 
By Rodolfo Mata
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 375 (1994)

Strategic Use of Environmental Laws by Labor Unions: Legitimate Labor Tactic or Environmental Extortion? 
By E. Thayer Nelson
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 469 (1994) 

Emissions Credit Futures Contracts on the Chicago Board of Trade: Regional and Rational Challenges to the Right to Pollute 
By Adam J. Rosenberg
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 501 (1994) 

Volume 13, Summer (1994) 


Wetlands Protection Post-Lucas: Implications of the Public Trust Doctrine on Takings Analysis 
By Paul Sarahan
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 537 (1994)

Natural Resources Damages: Temporary Sanctuary for Federal Sovereign Immunity 
By Marc G. Laverdiere
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 589 (1994) 

Wetlands Permitting Under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act: Do Proposals for an Administrative Appeals Process Have Any Appeal? 
By Holly E. Dolbey
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 639 (1994)

Risk of Exposure to Toxic Hazards in the Workplace and the Unemployment Compensation System: Proposing a Rebuttable Presumption of Good Cause 
By Daniel V. Johns
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 683 (1994)

Volume 13, Fall (1993) 


The Hazardous Waste Land 
By Jerry L. Anderson
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (1993) 

Electric Demand-Side Management Under Federal Law 
By James W. Moeller
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 57 (1993) 

Corporate Noncompliance with the Clean Water and Clean Air Acts: Theories to Hold a Director Personally Liable 
By Maya K. Van Rossum
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 99 (1993) 

The Ethical Underpinnings of the Endangered Species Act 
By Andrew E. Wetzler
13 Va. Envtl. L.J. 145 (1993) 

Volume 12, Winter (1993) 


Bankruptcy Estimation of CERCLA Claims: The Process and the Alternatives 
By Joel M. Gross and Suzanne Lacampagne
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 235 (1993)

Ski Area Development After the National Forest Ski Area Permit Act of 1986: Still an Uphill Battle 
By C. Wayne McKinzie
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 299 (1993)

Public Participation in International Pesticide Regulation: When the Codex Commission Decides, Who Will Listen? 
By Lewis Rosman
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 329 (1993) 

Volume 12, Spring (1993) 

Statutory Right or Statutory Prohibition? Reconciling CERCLA's Contribution Protection with the Private Response Cost Recovery Action 
By Daniel R. Avery
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 367 (1993)

The Fallacy of Personal Injury Liability Insurance Coverage for Environmental Claims 
By William J. Bowman and Patrick F. Hofer
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 393 (1993) 

Takings Issues in Light of Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council: A Decision Full of Sound and Fury Signifying Nothing
By Glenn P. Sugameli
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 439 (1993) 

Authorization of Natural Gas Pipeline Construction: Moving Decisions from Regulators to the Marketplace 
By John Decker
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 505 (1993)

Volume 12, Summer (1993) 


The Federal Structure: Can Congress Commandeer Nevada to Participate in Its Federal High Level Waste Disposal Program? 
By James Davenport 
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 539 (1993) 

Extraterritorial Application of RCRA: Is Its Exportability Going to Waste? 
By Lee I. Raiken 
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 573 (1993)

Preparing for a Blue Revolution: Regulating the Environmental Release of Transgenic Fish 
By Dorothy W. Bisbee
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 625 (1993)

A Critique of the Federal Facilities Compliance Act of 1992 
By Andrea Gross
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 691 (1993) 

Volume 12, Fall (1992) 


The Tools of Prevention: Opportunities for Promoting Pollution Prevention Under Federal Environmental Legislation 
By Bradley C. Bobertz
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (1992) 

State Certification of Hydroelectic Facilities Under Section 401 of the Clean Water Act 
By Lisa M. Bogardus 
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 43 (1992)

Nuclear Power Meets the 101st Congress, A "One-Act" Comedy: Regulation of Nuclear Regulatory Commission Licensees Under the Clean Air Act 
By Richard Goldsmith
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 103 (1992) 

De Facto Lender Liability: Secured Creditors and Environmental Liabilities in Chapter 11 
By R. Todd Silliman
12 Va. Envtl. L.J. 157 (1992) 

Volume 11, Winter (1992)


Reforming Environmental Enforcement: Lessons from Twenty Years of Waiving Federal Immunity to State Regulation 
By Kenneth M. Murchison 
11 Va. Envtl. L.J. 179 (1992) 

Federal Preemption of Local Pesticide Use Regulation: The Past, Present and Future of Wisconsin Public Intervenor v. Mortier 
By James Ford Lang 
11 Va. Envtl. L.J. 241 (1992)

Federal Regulation of Lead in Drinking Water 
By Kenneth M. Reiss
11 Va. Envtl. L.J. 285 (1992) 

Volume 11, Spring (1992) 


Remedying CERCLA's Natural Resource Damages Provision: Incorporation of the Public Trust Doctrine into Natural Resource Damage Actions 
By Gina M. Lambert and Anthony R. Chase
11 Va. Envtl. L.J. 353 (1992) 

The "Green Labeling" Phenomenon: Problems and Trends in the Regulation of Environmental Product Claims
By Ciannat M. Howett 
11 Va. Envtl. L.J. 401 (1992) 

The Concept of Species and the Endangered Species Act 
By Kevin W. Grierson
11 Va. Envtl. L.J. 463 (1992) 

Volume 11, Summer (1992) 


The Limits to Growth and the Limits to the Takings Clause 
By Douglas T. Kendall 
11 Va. Envtl. L.J. 547 (1992) 

Money for Nothing: Restructuring Rates to Encourage Conservation 
By Michael Malecek 
11 Va. Envtl. L.J. 589 (1992) 

Volume 11, Fall (1991) 


Watershed as a Public Natural Resource on the Federal Lands 
By George Cameron Coggins
11 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (1991) 

Shaping American Power: Federal Preemption and Technological Change 
By Steven J. Ferrey
11 Va. Envtl. L.J. 47 (1991) 

Law, Equity and the Comprehensive General Liability Policy: The Scope of Coverage for CERCLA Cleanup Costs 
By Laurence T. Vetter 
11 Va. Envtl. L.J. 157 (1991) 

Volume 10, Spring (1991) 


Friends of the Earth and Friends of the Court: Assessing the Impact of Interest Group Amici Curiae in Environmental Cases Decided by the Supreme Court 
By Susan Hedman
10 Va. Envtl. L.J. 187 (1991) 

The Erosion of Federally Permitted Releases and the Domestic Sewage Exclusion 
By Doris K. Nagel 
10 Va. Envtl. L.J. 213 (1991) 

Nevada v. Watkins: Who Gets the Shaft? 
By Mark E. Rosen
10 Va. Envtl. L.J. 239 (1991) 

The National Park Service Act Revisited 
By William Andrew Shutkin
10 Va. Envtl. L.J. 345 (1991) 

The CSO Sleeping Giant: Combined Sewer Overflow or Congressional Stalling Objective 
By Peter Crane Anderson 
10 Va. Envtl. L.J. 371 (1991) 

The Oil Pollution Act of 1990: Is there a Bright Future Beyond Valdez? 
By Michael J. Uda
10 Va. Envtl. L.J. 403 (1991) 

Volume 10, Fall (1990) 


"Successor" and "Parent" Liability for Superfund Cleanup Costs: The Evolving State of the Law 
By Allen Kezsbom, Anthony E. Satula, and Alan V. Goldman
10 Va. Envtl. L.J. 45 (1990)

PRP Access to Superfund Sites: A Primer 
By Lloyd A. Gelwan
10 Va. Envtl. L.J. 77 (1990)

The Other Federal PRPS: Liability for Mining Wastes Under CERCLA and RCRA
By Nancy Mangone 
10 Va. Envtl. L.J. 87 (1990) 

A World Park in Antarctica: The Common Heritage of Mankind 
By Ellen S. Tenenbaum
10 Va. Envtl. L.J. 109 (1990) 

Protecting Environmental Consent Decrees form Third Party Challenges 
By Timothy K. Webster
10 Va. Envtl. L.J. 137 (1990) 

Volume 9, Spring (1990)


Environmental Water Rights: An Evolving Concept of Public Property 
By Lynda L. Butler 
9 Va. Envtl. L.J. 323 (1990) 

Reserved Water Rights for Wilderness Areas - Current Law and Future Policy 
By Brian T. Hansen
9 Va. Envtl. L.J. 423 (1990) 

An Unstable Cost-Benefit Analysis: How the Federal Courts Have Responded to Damage Claims Related to the Nuclear Power Industry 
By Dara C. Pfeiffer 
9 Va. Envtl. L.J. 445 (1990) 

Volume 9, Fall (1989)


NEPA in an Era of Economic Deregulation: A Case Study of Environmental Avoidance at the Interstate Commerce Commission
By Charles H. Montange
9 Va. Envtl. L.J. 1 (1989) 

Clearing the Air: The McCubbins-Noll-Weingast Hypothesis and the Clean Air Act 
By Craig N. Oren 
9 Va. Envtl. L.J. 45 (1989)

A Comparison of the Federal Consistency Doctrine Under FLPMA and the CZMA 
By Jeffrey L. Beyle
9 Va. Envtl. L.J. 207 (1989) 

The Medical Waste Tracking Act of 1988: Will it Protect our Beaches? 
By Suzan Onel 
9 Va. Envtl. L.J. 225 (1989)